比较级和最高级
编辑： admin 2018-28-08
-
4
概括：这道题是任泄祭同学的课后英语练习题，主要是关于比较级和最高级，指导老师为卓老师，下面是详细讲解。
题目：比较级和最高级
解：1.在形容词词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：
bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest
cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest
clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest
cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest
dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest deep（深的）—deeper—deepest
fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest few（少的）—fewer—fewest
great（伟大的）—greater—greatest hard（困难的,硬的）—harder—hardest
high（高的）—higher—highest kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest
light（轻的）—lighter—lightest long（长的）—longer—longest
loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest low（低的）—lower—lowest
near（近的）—nearer—nearest new（新的）—newer—newest
poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest quick（快的）—quicker—quickest
quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest rich（富裕的）—richer—richest
short（短的）—shorter—shortest slow（慢的）—slower—slowest
small（小的）—smaller—smallest smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest
soft（柔软的）—softer—softest strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest
sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest tall（高的）-taller-tallest
thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest
weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest young（年轻的）—younger—youngest
2.双写最后一个字母,再加上 “er” “est”构成比较级、最高级：
big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest
hot（热的）—hotter—hottest red（红的）—redder—reddest
sad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest
thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest
wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest mad（疯的）—madder—maddest
3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级：
able（能干的）—abler—ablest brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest
close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的,完美的）—finer—finest
large（巨大的）—larger—largest late（迟的）—later—latest
nice（好的）—nicer—nicest ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripest
rude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest safe（安全的）—safer—safest
strange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest wide（宽广的）—wider—widest
wise（睿智的,聪明的）—wiser—wisest
white（白的）—whiter—whitest
4.以字母y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加上 “er”
“est”构成比较级、最高级：
busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest
dry（干燥的）—drier—driest early（早的）—earlier—earliest
easy（容易的）—easier—easiest friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest
funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest happy（开心的）—happier—happiest
healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviest
hungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriest lazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziest
lucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiest naughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiest
noisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiest pretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiest
silly（傻的）—sillier—silliest spicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciest
thirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiest ugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节、多音节形容词,在单词前面加上 “more” “most”构成比较级、最高级：
afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraid
beautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautiful
careful（仔细的）—more careful—most careful
cheerful（开心的）—more cheerful—most cheerful
crowded（拥挤的）—more crowded—most crowded
dangerous（危险的）—more dangerous—most dangerous
delicious（美味的）—more delicious—most delicious
difficult（困难的）—more difficult—most difficult
exciting（令人兴奋的）—more exciting—most exciting
expensive（昂贵的）—more expensive—most expensive
famous（著名的）—more famous—most famous
frightened（受惊的）—more frightened—most frightened
frightening（令人害怕的）—more frightening—most frightening
hard-working（勤奋的）—more hard-working—most hard-working
helpful（有帮助的）—more helpful—most helpful
honest（诚实的）—more honest—most honest
important（重要的）—more important—most important
interesting（有趣的）—more interesting—most interesting
polite（有礼貌的）—more polite—most polite
terrible（可怕的）—more terrible—most terrible
tired（累的）—more tired—most tired
6.不规则变化的形容词：
bad（坏的）—worse—worst
far（远的）—farther—farthest
(far—further—furthest)
good（好的）—better—best
ill（病的）—worse—worst
little（少的）—less—least
many（多的）—more—most much（多的）—more—most
old（年老的）—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest) well（好的,身体好的）—better—best
举一反三
例1：小学英语比较级和最高级列个表出来要全....越多越好...只限于小学的...[英语练习题]
思路提示：
fast-faster-fastes
small-smaller-smallest
long-longer-longest
hot-hotter-hottest
easy-easier-easiest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
busy-busier-busiest
dry-drier-driest
nice-nicer-nicest
wide-wider-widest
large-larger-largest
big-bigger-biggest
thin-thiner-thinest
good-better-best
well-better-best
bad-worse-worst
little-less-least
many-more-most
humid-humider-humidest
carefully-more carefully- the most carefully
important- more important- the most important
outgoing-more outgoing-the most outgoing
smart-smarter-the smartest
serious-more..-the most..
athletic-more..-the most...
bad-worse-worst
thin-thinner-the thinnest
friendly-more...-the most...
happy-happier-the happiest
interesting-more..-the most...
nice-nicer-the nicerest
例2：在哪个句型中,比较级表最高级?[英语练习题]
思路提示：
主语+be动词+more+ adj.+ than all the other
主语+be动词+more+ adj.+ than anyone else
例3：需要文档:初中英语所有比较级最高级的单词表初中所学的单词的比较级最高级形式[英语练习题]
思路提示：
形容词比较级和最高级的形式
一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成
形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下
构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
① 一般单音节词末尾加er 和 est strong stronger strongest
② 单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r 和st strange stranger strangest
③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母,
须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est sad
big
hot sadder
bigger
hotter saddest
biggest
hottest
④ 少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词,
末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,
把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾的词仍
只加r和st) angry
clever
narrow
noble angrier
cleverer
narrower
nobler angrest
cleverest
narrowest
noblest
⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more
different most
different
1) The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest, which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is
twentynine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕 .
2) This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City, South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.
3) Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.
二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：
1. 三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most
只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller; 只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest.
但是,以形容前缀un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,如unhappy,untidy,我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest
2. 由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级
more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等.
4) The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕 .
3. 英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式
absolute fatal main right universal
chief final naked simulta- utter
entire foremost perfect neous vital
eternalinevitablepossiblesufficientwhole
excellent infinite primary supreme wooden
三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式
good
well betterbest
bad
illworseworst
many
much moremost
little
few lessleast
far fartherfarthest
furtherfurthest
5) African elephants are larger, fiercer, and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕 .
6) Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕 magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800’s.
7) Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕 , the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.
四、例题解析
1) A错.应将“most high”改为highest.这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式.
2) A错.改为more spacious.
3) B错. 改为more difficult.
4) C错. treasured 在本句中是ED分词(动词treasure ＋ed)作形容词使用,是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思,修饰名词 works(作品),其最高级形式应用 the most treasured.
5) A错,改为more difficult.
6) B错.改为“the most famous”,因为famous(著名的)是双音节,其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”.
7) D错.应改为“the most”,因为此处表示的是最高级,“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”.
第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式
副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样
一般 副词
hard→harder →hardest
fast→faster →fastest
late→later →latest
early→earlier →earliest
特殊 副词
well →better →best
much →more →most
badly →worse →worst
little →less →least 但是,开放类副词即以后缀ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加er或est,如
quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly
〔注〕： early中的ly不是后缀,故可以把y变i再加er和est
第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法
一、原级比较的基本用法
1. 原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句,表示两者比较；其否定式,即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) ＋形容词或副词＋as”,而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰
1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as .
〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes
〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes
〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes
〔D〕 fifteenminute walking
2) The gorilla(大猩猩), while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力) in solving 〔D〕 a problem.
3) Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state, Texas.
2. “as (so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较,这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词,但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语,应当用so而不用as
4) Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.
〔A〕 such
〔B〕 more
〔C〕 as
〔D〕 than
5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter. (88年考题)
〔A〕 that
〔B〕 so
〔C〕 this
〔D〕 as
二、比较级
1. 比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…,”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”.连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ING结构和ED结构,有时也可省去than.
6) Natural mica(云母) of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.
7) She is older than .
〔A〕 any other girl in the group
〔B〕 any girl in the group
〔C〕 all girls in the group
〔D〕 you and me as well as the group
8) Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and, until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕 , remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.
2. 注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致
9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than .
〔A〕 ours
〔B〕 with us
〔C〕 for ours it had
〔D〕 it did for us
10) Sound travels air.
〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and
〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through
11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout, one of Rembrand’s pupils, followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕 .
三、最高级
1. 最高级用于三者以上比较,形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)
12) The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.
13) Of all economic 〔A〕 problems, inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.
14) , the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.
〔A〕 All the activities
〔B〕 The activities
〔C〕 Of all the activities
〔D〕 It is the activities
2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the
四、例题解析
1) B为正确答案.
2) B错.改为 as ,和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较.
3) B错. 改为as large.
4) C对.动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献),由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect,故空白处也应用as,使前后对比成分一致.
5) B为正确答案.
6) C错.应改为比较级cheaper.比较级后并不一定跟接连词than,有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰),介词短语,不定式或其他成分隔开.
7) A为正确答案.“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对),也不能跟全组所有相比,因为“她”也是其中一员,自然“她”不能跟自己相比.这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”,所以A对.
8) B错.应改为比较级later,因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年,故应使用比较级.
9) D为正确答案.
10) A为正确答案.
11) D错. 改为his master’s.
12) A错. 改为most.
13) C错.改为the, significant是多音节形容词,在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most),注意句中的“of all… ”.
14) C为正确答案.本句空白处缺状语,A和B全为名词短语,不符合条件；D为句子,和空白后面的句子没有任何联系,故亦应排除.只有C正确,和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应.
第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法
一、形容词与副词的同级比较： 由“as(so)…as”引出,其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子
1. as such：表示上文所指明的事或人
He is a child,and must be treated as such. 他是个孩子,必须被当作孩子对待.
2. as much：表示“与…同量”
Take as much as you like. 拿多少都行.
I would gladly have paid twice as much for it. 就是价格再贵一倍,我也会愿意把它买下的.
He as much as admitted the whole story. 他几乎全部承认了.
3. as many：表示“与…一样多”
I found six mistakes in as many lines. 我在六行中发现了六个错.
二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice (两倍),four times (四倍),ten times (十倍)加上as … as 结构
This one is four times as big as that one. 这个是那个的四倍大.(这个比那个大三倍.) / Our campus is three times as large as yours. 我们的校园比你们的大两倍. / He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍.
1) The fiveyear deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕 , three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact’s minimum.
三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较
2) The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.
〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as
〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function
3) The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would
have as the amount of money borrowed.
〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value
〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same
四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量,far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步
4) There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.
〔A〕 more sophisticated than
〔B〕 much more sophisticated
〔C〕 much sophisticated
〔D〕 sophisticated
5) The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.
〔A〕 clearest
〔B〕 the clearest
〔C〕 much clearer
〔D〕 more clearer
6) Common porpoises(海豚) are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory, although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.
例4：【比较级表最高级含义的句式】[英语练习题]
思路提示：
he is higher than any other students in his class.
例5：【常用形容词和副词比较级最高级的表!】[英语练习题]
思路提示：
good,well
better
best
ill,bad,badly
worse
worst
little
less
least
old
older
elder
oldest
eldest
many,much
more
most
far
farther
further
farthest (表距离)
furthest (表程度)
late
later
latter
latest (用于时间)
last (用于顺序)
一般不用表背,知道变化的语法,很简单,只有个别特殊
形容词、副词比较级和最高级
Comparative degree & Superlative degree:
一、比较级构成方式：
A．adj / adv + er / est
poor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest
B．词尾e + r / st
large→larger→largest fine→finer→finest
C．重读闭音节中短元音 + 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾 + er / est.
big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest
D．辅音 + y→i + er / est
dry→drier→driest angry→angrier→angriest
E．多音节形容词及副词：
more + adj / adv most + adj / adv
F．不规则变化：
good / well→better→best
bad / ill→worse→worst
many / much→more→most
little→less→least
late→later→ / latest
late→latter→last
far→farther→farthest
far→further→furthest
【用法示例】
比较级用于二者相比较,由than构成比较状语从句：
（1）笔记要点：两个相比较的主语必须相对应.
...He looks stronger than I(do).
...The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.
...My Schoolbag is larger than hers.
...The book is much more interesting than that one.
（2）笔记要点：两个形容词比较级由 and连在一起,表示“越来越……”
...It is getting colder and colder.
...She is becoming more and more beautiful
.
（3）笔记要点：这种句型结构表示“越……越……”
...The older we grow,the poorer our memory will be.
...The earlier we start,the sooner we'll get there.
（4）笔记要点：二者之比较.而Of the three girls,she is the cleverest.
...I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.
...Of the two brothers,he is the cleverer.
最高级构成方式：
三者或三者以上进行比较,“the + 形容词 / 副词est”.
(1)
John is the tallest of the three.
He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级the可省略）
This is the most difficult book I've read.
(2)
He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有than时只用比较级）
She is younger than all the other students.
相关思考练习题：
题1：比较级和最高级
点拨：eat是动词没有比较级 比较级和最高级是针对形容词和副词的
题2：比较级和最高级的区别？
点拨：More careful，The most careful 我们对这些新概念有保留，它们需要更仔细的审议。 We have reservations on these new concepts, which require greater elaboration. 即使是最仔细的校对者也会偶尔出错。 Even the most careful proofreader w...
题3：well的比较级和最高级
点拨：well的比较级better ，最高级best 。意思是：很好地，充分地，满意地，适当地，良好的，健康的，适宜的，源泉。 well的用法： 1、Sylvia shook hands. 'Well, you go get yourselves some breakfast.' 西尔维娅摆了摆手说：“嗯，你们自己去吃些...
题4：fast的比较级和最高级形式究竟是什么？
点拨：【原级】：fast 【音标】： 英[fɑ:st] 美[f?st] 【解释】：快的、走得快 2.【比较级】：faster 【音标】英 [fɑ:st?(r) ]美 ['fast?]【解释】：adj. 更快的 adv. 更快地 3.【最高级】：fastest 【音标】[fɑ:st?st] 美 [f...
题5：quickly的比较级和最高级，slowly的比较级和最高级？
点拨：quickly 英[?kw?kli] 美[?kw?kl?] adv. 迅速地; 立即; 马上; [例句]The meeting quickly ended and Steve and I left the room 会议很快结束了，我和史蒂夫离开了房间。 [其他] 比较级：more quickly 最高级：most qui...