【英语一般将来时】英语一般将来时用法_英语_azuvgolp
编辑： admin 2017-15-06
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一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态.常常和表示将来的时间状语连用.如：tomorrow（明天）, next week（下周）, from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）等. 一般将来时由助动词shall（第一人称）,will（第二、三人称） 动词原形构成.美国英语则不管什么人称,一律用will.
肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go. 否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go. 疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go? 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not 特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首,后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时,以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外）
其他同学给出的参考思路：
①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 ②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。 二．go， come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly,等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作，例如： I'm leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。 三．“be...
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互助这道作业题的同学还参与了下面的作业题
题1： 英语一般将来时的用法,特点,求详解如题[英语科目]
一般将来时/式(The Simple Future tense）
时态定义
be going to表主观的打算
shall和will常常缩写成'll ,紧接在主语之后.其否定式 shall not 和will not 的缩写式分别为 shan't 和 won't.基本句型
be to表示客观安排或受人指示而作某事.后 动词原形.
be about to 动词原形,意为马上作某事,不能与tomorrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用.
肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They will go.
否定句：I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They will not go.
疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?
简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not
特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首,后接一般疑问句（就主语提问时,以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外）
----- Why will you be here on Sunday?（周日你为什么将要在这儿?）
-----I will have a meeting on Sunday（我将要在周日举行一个聚会）
（对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答）
一般疑问句：be或will提到句首,some改any,and改or,第一二人称互换
We are going to go on an outing this weekend.-------Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
被动句：will/shall be v.ed(及物动词过去分词）
The letter will be sent tomorrow.
这封信明天将寄出去
We shall be punished if we break the rule.
如果我们违反规定,我们将受到惩罚.
注意：will和shall在句子中所表达的“意志”是不同的,当句子主语是第一人称（I）的时候表示的是主语 I 的自主“意志”,很多人可能会问什么是自主意志.那么下面就举个例子：
I will be clear tomorrow . 我会把这件事弄个水落石出（词句有多个意思,这里举此例）
分析：这个句子中用will时,主语 I(我） 就带有强烈的意志,意思是我想让事情水落石出,并且有我会为此付诸努力的意思.当第一人称,用shall的时候就是一个普通的句子,就没有主语的意志.
I shall come back in ten minutes .这句话就是单纯的说 我会在10分钟后回来 没有别的意思
I will come back in ten minutes. 而这句话就有一种意境上的不同.我会在10分钟后回来,其中的意思还有,就算我有事耽搁了我也会想办法在10分钟后回来的意思
shall在第二 、三人称时也和will在第一人称一样.也只有在二三人称才带有意志,只不过shall带有的是“说话者”的意志.而不是主语的意志.
如：he shall be rewarded. 他会得到回报
分析这句话更深度的意思,我说过在shall用在第二三人称时有强烈的“说话者”的意志.而这句话的“说话者”意志就是 他会得到回报,就算他没有得到回报“说话者”也会想办法让“he”得到回报.
1、will / shall 动词原形（否定句在will/shall后加not）
这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态.will用于各种人称;shall只用于第一人称. 例如 :
I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他.
What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿?
2、be going to 动词原形
be going to 相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数的变化),与它后面的动词原形一起构成谓语.用来表示近期将要发生的动作以及计划、安排和打算要做的事.例如:
There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球赛.
I‘m going to go to the park. 我将要去公园.
二、常用结构
1、用于"I expect, I'm sure, I think, I wonder宾语从句"中.
Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass.
不要担心这次考试,我确信你会通过的.
2、用于祈使句和陈述句中.
Work hard and you will succeed.
如果你努力,就会成功的.
3、与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用.
I'll let you know as soon as he arrives.
他一到我就通知你.
用法
（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况.
例如：I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到.（主语是第一人称时最好用shall）
Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗?
We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙.
（2）在一般将来时的句子中,有时有表示将来时间的状语,有时没有时间状语,这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况.例如：
Will she come? 她（会）来吗?
（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中,一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见,或是询问一个情况(b)：
a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头?
b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗?
在这类问句中,近几年来也有不少人用will,特别是在美国.例如：
How will I get there? 我怎么去?
（4）be going to 动词原形
a.表示计划、打算、准备做的事.例如：
We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼.
How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过?
b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事.例如：
I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了.
其他用法
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“shall（第一人称）,will（第二、三人称） 动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式.
一．“be going to 动词原形”表示即将发生的或打算进行的事.例如：
①It is going to rain. 要下雨了.
②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会.
二．go, come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay,live,fly,等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作（行进式动词）,例如：I'm leaving for Beijing.
三．“be to 动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见.例如：
①Are we to go on with this work?我们继续干吗?
②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学.
四．“be about to 动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为：很快,马上.后面一般不跟时间状语.例如：
We are about to leave.我们马上就走.
五．某些词,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay ,live,fly等的一般现在时也可表示将来.
①The meeting starts at five o'clock.会议五点开始.
②He gets off at the next stop.他下一站下车.
六.“be due to"构成的谓语,意味“定于…”也可表示将来时
PS ：will与be going to 的分别
be going to与will的区别
be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别：
1. be going to 表示近期、将要发生的事情,will 表示的将来的时间则较远一些,如：
He is going to write a letter tonight.
He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情.
He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如：
She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
注意
be going to和will在含义和用法上稍有不同.be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿,决心.两者有时不能互换.如：
She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.她正努力学习并尝试参加考试.（is going to不能用will替换）
题2： 请告诉我一般将来时有哪几种用法?我对英语不是非常了解,求求你们了![英语科目]
1 表示将来的动作或状态 一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如：tomorrow（明天）,next week（下周）,from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）；someday (未来的某一天）
2 表示将来经常发生的动作
一般将来时的其他用法
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“shall（第一人称）,will（第二、三人称）+动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式.一．“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事.例如：①It is going to rain.要下雨了.②We are going to have a meeting today.今天我们开会.二．go,come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay,live,fly,等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作,例如：I'm leaving for Beijing.我要去北京.三．“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见.例如：①Are we to go on with this work?我们继续干吗?②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学.四．“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为：很快,马上.后面一般不跟时间状语.例如：We are about to leave.我们马上就走.五．某些词,如come,go,leave,arrive,start,get,stay ,live,fly等的一般现在时也可表示将来.①The meeting starts at five o'clock.会议五点开始.②He gets off at the next stop.他下一站下车.六.“be due to"构成的谓语,意味“定于…”也可表示将来时
[编辑本段]时间状语
①tomorrow,the day of the tomorrow,tomorrow morning,afternoon,evening ②next year/week/month/hour ③in+段时间 ④the coming ⑤in the future ⑥in 2011 ⑦this afternoon/Sunday/enening 注：this morning（过去） ⑧from now on ⑨one/some day （未来的）某天 ⑩soon
题3： 过去式与现在进行时和一般将来时在英语的用法上是怎样的?求过去式与现在进行时和一般将来时在英语上的用法是怎样的![英语科目]
过去式：发生在过去的事
主语+动词过去式+其它
现在进行时：现在正在发生的事
主语+be doing+其它
一般将来时：将来要发生的事
主语+be going to/will do
题4： 英语中表示将来时的用法意义有什么不同?begoingtodo/beabouttodo/willdo/willgoingtodo[英语科目]
be going to/be about to/will 都用来表将来时,但细究起来意思稍有不同.
be going to do 将要做（计划好了）
be about to do 正准备去做
will do 将会去做（没有特别计划,只表示动作将会发生,有时也表示愿望）
will going to do 没有这种表达方式,可能是 will be going to,指将会去哪里
几个例句：
Tom's going to spend his vacation abroad.汤姆计划在国外度假.
I was about to call you when you knocked the door.你敲门的时候我正要打电话给你.
I will see you at the airport.我会到机场见你（我们机场见）.
Will you marry me in 3 years time?I will.你三年后会嫁给我吗?我会（表示愿意）.
题5： 【英语将来时过去时的用法用例子噢】[英语科目]
过去完成时
I（or You,He,John,It,They,Those men） had come. I（or You,He,John,It,They,Those men） had been there.过去完成时的用法：
760 1）表示过去某时以前已经结束的动作,过去时间可由时间状语表示出来：
I had read the novel by three o'clock.（I finished it before threeand read it no more at three．）
He had sent the letter last Monday．（= He sent the letter be-fore last Monday．）
He had finished the work five days before（or earlier）（=five days before a given past time）．
We had completed the course in the autumn of 1968．
过去时间有时由状语从句表示,下表表示状语从句中动词所表示动作发生时,主句动词表示的动作业已发生：
后发生的动作 先发生的动作
— When we learned we had studied Chinese．
English,
— By the time he got he had studied history
married, ten years．
— Before he spoke, he had prepared to die.
— Although he failed, he had done his best.
—In order that he might he had considered the
succeed matter all night．
—Where there was a ru－ there had been wealth
in, or power．
如果两个动作是同时发生或几乎同时发生的,则都可以用一般过去时表示：
When we learned English,We studied Chinese．（= We learned two languages．）（同时发生）
When she saw a roach,she screamed．（几乎同时发生）
有时过去时间由形容词（定语）从句表示出来,从句动词表示的动作发生时,主句动词表示的动作业已发生：
后来的动作 更早的动作
—The man that came had travelled in fifty
yesterday countries．
—The woman he married had married five times．
—This man,who was had failed a hundred
successful now, times．
有时名词从句中动词所表示的动作发生时,主句动词所表示的动作业已发生：
How he became prime minister had been prophesied thirty years before．
也有时反过来,从句中动词表示的动作先发生,主句动词表示的动作后发生,则先发生的用过去完成时表示：
后来发生的动作 先发生的动作（状语从句）
—He went to school as soon as（or after）
he had dressed himself．
—The audience applauded when he had finished
his speech．
—He was finally defeated though he had always won．
—I got ill because I had not eaten properly．
但before有时有特殊的用法,表示“不等……就”：
He already died before his sons had arrived．
I left school before I had finished my course．
定语从句和名词从句中动词表示的动作有时先发生,就可用过去完成时表示：
后来的动作 更早的动作
— I asked a man who had learned sculpture in
Italy．
—My wife liked very you had sent me．
much the dog
—He married a woman who had given birth to five
children．
—He said that he had come from
Canada．
—Ha told John that Mary had got married．
—He was afraid that someone had got the
secret．
—She was worried that he had not written to
her for a year．
—He asked me why I had not got married．
在并列句中,有时一个分句中动词表示的动作先于另一分句中动词表示的动作,先发生的动作也用过去完成时表示：
后发生动作 先发生动作
—He was a beggar for he had lost millions
now, in a night．
—He became a great and he had been poor
man, many years．
—They all lay down but some had been beggars
together, and others had been kings．
有时前后两个句子中,前面句子中动词表示的动作后发生,后面句子中动词所表示的动作先发生,则后面动词须用过去完成时表示：
后发生动作 先发生动作
—He was thirsty． He had not seen any water for a week．
—The child cried． Someone had stolen his cake．
—Husband and wife They had quarrelled all
were unhappy． day．
尽管过去完成时表示先发生的动作,在特定的情况下它也可用一般过去时代替：
1）如果所用连词或状语已表示了时间的先后：
—He went to school as soon as（ or after）he
（had） dressed himself．
—The audience ap- when he（had） finished his
plauded speech．
—He spoke after he（had） studied his speech．
—He found his watch． He（had） lost it two days
before．
—He called on me and he（had） let me know a
on Sunday, week earlier．
—He got ill because he had not eaten（or
did not eat） properly．
—I asked a man who（had）learned sculp－
ture in Italy．
—My wife liked very the dog you（had） sent me．
much
—He said he came from Canada．
在连续写一段话时,如果顺着动作发生的时间顺序往下写,则所用动词都可以用一般过去时.如其中有一个动词表示的动作先于另外的动作,为了避免误解,这个动作应用过去完成时表示：
I borrowed a book and read it at night．A week later,I re－turned it to the library and borrowed another．（顺着时间顺序叙述）
但：I read at night a book which I had borrowed． A week later,after I had returned it to the library,I borrowed another．
When he courted her,she turned him down． But two years later,they were husband and wife． She found it queer indeed．（顺着时间顺序叙述）
但： She found the matter queer indeed． She and he were now husband and wife． But only two years before,when he had courted her,she had turned him down．（后面一句追叙更早的事）
在追叙更早的情节时,如果一串动词全都用过去完成时会显得很累赘.一般作法是把追叙部分的第一、两个动词用过去完成时表示,使时间关系清楚,后面则都用一般过去时.
Finally they got married． They had fallen in love in Tok－yo．They had loved each other tenderly．Their parents had been opposed to their marriage,and they had tried twice to commit suicide．（为了避免累赘,可以把追叙部分第一句中的had fallen保留,后面句子中的过去完成时全可以用一般过去时代替.）
另外,历史事实通常应用一般过去时表示,在联系现在情况时,即使另一动词用过去时,也不要把史实用过去完成时表示：
I learned that Columbus（不用had）discoverd America．
He said Hitler（不用had）killed millions of Jews．
如果主句中包含了过去完成时,从句中的过去完成时常以一般过去时代替：
I knew he had lost money when he（had） gambled．
He said Jim had been caught because he （had）sold drugs．
761 2）除了表示发生时间在另一动作之前外,还可表示对后来动作的影响：
I had eaten something before I took（后来动作）dinner．
（So I had no appetite at dinner．）
但：I ate something before I took dinner．（Maybe I had my usual appetite at dinner．）
He had learned English before he came（后来动作）to England．（He already knew English when he arrived in England．）
He felt worse after he had taken the medicine．（Feeling worse is the result of taking the medicine．）
He felt worse after he took the medicine．（Feeling worse may not be the result of taking the medicine．）
762 3）在一个否定的句子中表示另一动作前刚发生的动作,有时可译成“刚刚……就……”或“不等……就……”：
He had not（or scarcely,hardly,barely） touched his re-volver when（or before） he got shot．
No sooner had he opened his mouth than I knew what he wanted to say．
763 4）表示过去某时前已经发生并在继续发生的事时,通常有一个表示一段时间的状语,可译为“到……为止”,或“自从……就一直（已经）”（可参阅725节）：
By December last year,he had worked for ten years．（Most probably he was still working in December．）
Up to that time all had gone well．
He had lived here since he got married．（He was still here．）
He had learned a lot since he became a student．（He was still learning．）
764 5）还可表示一个未实现的愿望,特别是动词表示“打算”这类意思时,可译“本来打算……”：
I had intended to do．（=I intended to have gone．）（ I in－tended to go,but I did not go．）
He had hoped to help you．（=He hoped to have helped you＝ He had hoped to have helped you＝ His hope was to have helped you．）（But he did not help you．）
He had expected to meet you at the restaurant．
I had meant to invite him to dinner．
He had been inclined to be an artist．
I should like to have seen it．（现在的愿望）
I should have liked to have seen（or to see） it．（过去的愿望）
You had better have stayed here．（未被接受的劝告）
765 6）用来代替一般过去时,表示惊奇（参阅747节）：
I saw her from afar．In a minute,however,she had disap－peared．
When he said this,his enemy had come up to him．
It was kept secret,but two days afterwards everyone had talked about it．
He had scarcely raised his hand when his antagonist had lain him on the ground．
766 7）在 said,reported后的间接引语中优替一般过去时及现在完成时：
He said“I have asked the Mayor．”＝ He said that he had asked the Mayor．
He exclaimed,“I saw it．”＝ He exclaimed that he had seen it．
但： I said,“He had been very sad since his wife died．”= I said that he had been very sad since his wife died（不要说 had died）．
I was told he had lost confidence in everything since he be－came（而不是 had become） bankrupt．
I was told he talked as if he knew（or had known） every－thing．
767 8）用来对一个没听清楚的过去情况提问（参阅742节）：
A：They sold six hundred pieces．
B：（Talks about something else,and then asks）
How many pieces had they sold?（= How many pieces did you say they had sold?）
A： I kept it in a small box．
B：（After some time） Where had you kept it?
768 9）用在状语从句中表示从过去时间看将来某时前已经发生的事（来代替过去将来完成时）：
He said（in the morning）he would return（in the evening） when he had spoken to Mary（in the afternoon）．（代替would have spoken）
We would study abroad if our father had earned some mon－ey by then．（代替 would have earned．）
I（or You,He,John,It,They,Those men）came.
I was（or You were,He was ,It was,They were,Those menwerr）here．
737 一般过去时的用法：
1）表示过去发生的动作,过去时间可以由状语表示出来,也可由上下文及说话场合表示出来：
At five o'clock（or As soon as he received the telegram）,hedrove to the station．
He turned out the light at midnght（or when everybody wentto bed.）
Did you go swimming yesterday?” “NO．I was very ill（时间已由问句表示出来）．”
“ Why did you not attend the meeting?”“Because my wife gavebirth to a baby．”（谈话双方都清楚动作发生的时间）
738 2）表示过去反复发生的或习惯性的动作,可有表示频度的状语,也可以没有：
He took a walk every morning．
I swam in the evening．
Mary learned cooking twice a week ．
John seldom wrote to me．
John lived in Calcutta．
Nobody taught Japanese in this city．
He used to（表示过去习惯） drink coffee at night．（used to相当于一个助动词）
也可表示过去的状态：
He is not so happy as he was．
China is not what she was （or used to be）．
He worked much harder formerly than he works now．
739 3）可用在said,reported等后面的间接引语中,代替一般现在时：
He said,“I am very tired．”＝ He said that he was very tired．He exclaimed,“What a pity it is !”＝He exclaimed what a pityit was．
但在口语中一般现在时仍可以用,特别在有一个表示未来时间的状语时：
I said I am free next Sunday．
I knew he comes tomorrow（or in three days,next week）．还有一些情况,间接引语中的一般现在时可以保持不变,如：
I said,“ I must go．”＝I said I must go．
He said,“I ought to do it．”= He said he ought to do it．He said God be thanked．
He said God forbid that he should ill-treat anyone．
He said thank Heaven he was well again．
但在下面情况下,从句中的谓语应用一般过去时：
He thought he could defeat me.（＝ Now he knows he can't．）（从句中的设想证明是错误的）
I thought he was（or had been） a scholar．（ Now I see he isnot．）
I thought you knew it．
We did not know he was a cheat．（＝ Now we know he is．）I didn't quite realize that he was a great,great pianist．（=Now I realize he is．）
The ancients said （or imagined） the sun moved round theearth．（= Now they prove wrong）
I knew he was a simpleton（= Now we see that he is）（从句中的设想证明是对的）
在宾语从句中,如果主句谓语为过去时,要用would代替will：
I knew Wang would not accept this dirty money.
I forgot to tell you that you would get into trouble．
740 4）可用在表示时间、条件的状语从句中,表示一个从过去看来将发生的情况；
He promised to give me five dollars when he got his pay．
He said he would reward me if I worked hard．
We knew Dad would punish us unless we behaved．
741 5）还可用来表示过去计划要做的事,特别是当它有一个表示未来时间的状语时（可参阅693节）：
He started（=was to start） at seven the following day．（比较：He starts at seven tomorrow.）
He left the next week．（比较： He leaves next week．）They returned in ten days．
742 6）还可在对话中用来重复对方刚提这的事：
A：His name is Mauling． B： What was his name（= What didyou say his name was ）?
A：Put it under the desk． B：（Talks about something else,andthen） Where was I to put it?
也可用在比较客气的话中,来代替一般现在时（并不是谈过去情况,而是谈现在情况）：
Was your father in? I was hoping he was free this evening．
Did you want it? I was thinking you might like it．
“I wondered if he could come．”“I was wondering,too．”