英文修辞手法：metaphor，analogy，al
编辑： admin 2017-17-02
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1、Metaphor：隐喻/暗喻
指用表示乙事物的词或词组来指代甲事物,从而暗示它们之间的相似之处,如：
* All the world is a stage.整个世界是一台戏.（用 stage 指代 all the world）
* She's an angel and he's a lion.她是天使,他是雄狮.（用 angel 指代 she,用 lion 指代he）
2、Analogy比拟/类比
指把一个事物当作另外一个事物来描述、说明.把人拟作物（拟物）或把物拟作人（拟人）,或者把甲物化为乙物.如：
* The broomcorn seems to be teams of Young Pioneers.高粱好似一队队的“红领巾”.（把具有红色特征的 broomcorn 比喻为带着红领巾的 Young Pioneer）——拟人
* The sunflowers are shaking their heads and smiling. 向日葵摇着头微笑着.（把盛开的sunflowers 比喻作会shaking their heads and smiling 的人）——拟人
* Stretching out her hands and running,the girl comes out a pair of golden wings.张开双手跑着,姑娘长出了一对金色的翅膀.（把穿着黄衣服张开双手的 girl 比拟成 golden wings）——拟物
3、Allusion 引喻.
指暗示或附带提及,即借助具有互不相干的熟悉事物来阐述另外一种事物.如：
* Sugar candies are wrapped in the white towel; he was kind-hearted in despite of poverty.羊肚子手巾包冰糖,虽然人穷好心肠.（用用陕北人头上包的 white towel 比喻 poverty,用 Sugar candies 比喻 kind-hearted）
4、allusion 与 metaphor 的最大区别是,allusion 用的是援引典故典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语作为喻体间接提及本体的修饰手法,其特点是不注明来源和出处,将其融合编织在作者的话语中.如：
* Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点.
——用希腊神话中的勇士 Achilles 的 heel【Achilles 除了脚踵处身上其他地方刀枪不入】引喻“弱点”.
* The project is an economic albatross from the start.这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题.
——Albatross 是英国诗人柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁,它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后,全船陷入灾难中.)
而 metaphor 是用与主体在某些方面有类似性的日常所见的喻体比喻主体.
* CPU is home,rather than a hotel 中央处理器是返回始位,而不是一个临时寄存处.
—— 用与本体 home 类似的常见的 hotel 进行比喻.
* Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验为智慧之母.
——用常见的喻体 mother 隐喻 Experience.
* She is shedding crocodile tears.她在掉鳄鱼眼泪.
——用喻体 crocodile 借喻不怀好意.
类似问题
类似问题1：metaphor 和 analogy的区别[英语科目]
metaphor ['metəfə]
n.隐喻,暗喻
例句:
In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.
玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征.
She has a striking originality in her use of metaphor.
她在运用隐喻方面有独创性.
analogy
n.比拟,类比,类推
Other executives think the Japanese influence will be less dramatic and dismiss the automobile analogy,saying that manufacturing cars is a far cry from the creative nature of Hollywood's endeavors.
其他高级职员认为日本的影响不会那么大,认为不能与汽车相提并论.他们说制造汽车与好莱坞的创造性企业截然不同.
It is not always reliable to argue by analogy.
用类推法论证并不总是可靠的.
类似问题2：什么叫做stock metaphor?是一种英文修辞手法吗?具体是怎么一回事,能不能举个例子出来啊?[语文科目]
股票隐喻
类似问题3：metaphor 并举例说明[英语科目]
暗喻 暗喻通常直接将A事物当做B事物来描写
例如 She gave a crystal explanation.她的解释清晰明了.
在这个句子中 将 她的解释的清晰程度 与 清澈的水晶 相比较 两者的共同点是 清晰 关于两者的共同点是 暗含的 所以 是暗喻.
明喻是simile 通常要通过比较词（like,as,as though等）将A事物与B事物进行比较
例如 The walls were whitewashed as white as milk.这面墙被洗刷的像牛奶一样白.
这个很明显 我就不解释了
类似问题4：英语音标查询analogy[英语科目]
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类似问题5：metaphor 的英文解释各位帮忙啊,很急.请回答的朋友写详细一点,还有例如在别人著作中对该词的定义也一起列出,谢谢是英文解释，英文！不是汉字[英语科目]
牛津高阶英汉双解词典：
metaphor
/ ˈmetəfə(r); ˋmɛtəfɚ/ n [C, U] (example of the) use of a word or phrase to indicate sth different from (though related in some way to) the literal meaning, as in `I'll make him eat his words' or `She has a heart of stone' 隐喻（如I'll make him eat his words或She has a heart of stone）: striking originality in her use of metaphor 她在运用隐喻方面的独创性. Cf 参看 simile.
> metaphorical / ˏmetəˈfɔrɪkl; US -ˈfɔːr-; ˏmɛtəˋfɔrɪkl/ adj of or like a metaphor; containing metaphors 隐喻的: a metaphorical expression, phrase, etc 隐喻的说法、 短语等. Cf 参看 figurative, literal 1a.
metaphorically / -klɪ; -klɪ/ adv. Cf 参看 mixed metaphor (mixed).
朗文当代英语词典：
metaphor
met·a·phor /ˈmetəfə, -fɔː US -fɔːr/ n [U and C]
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: French; Origin: métaphore, from Latin, from Greek metaphora, from meta- ( META-) + pherein 'to carry']
a way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing
→simile
She uses some wonderful images and metaphors in her writing.
a very creative use of metaphor
mixed metaphor
the use of two different metaphors at the same time to describe something, especially in a way that seems silly or funny
something that represents a general idea or quality
metaphor for
Their relationship is a metaphor for the failure of communication in the modern world.
韦氏大词典：
met·a·phor n.
Pronunciation: 'me-tə-ˌfȯr also -fər
Function: noun
Etymology: Middle English methaphor, from Middle French or Latin; Middle French metaphore, from Latin metaphora, from Greek, from metapherein to transfer, from meta- + pherein to bear ― more at BEAR
Date: 15th century
1 : a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (as in drowning in money) broadly : figurative language ― compare SIMILE
2 : an object, activity, or idea treated as a metaphor : SYMBOL 2
–met·a·phor·ic \ˌme-tə-'fȯr-ik, -'fär-\ or met·a·phor·i·cal \-i-kəl\ adjective
–met·a·phor·i·cal·ly \-i-k(ə-)lē\ adverb
柯林斯高阶英语词典：
metaphor
1.metaphor metaphors
A metaphor is an imaginative way of describing something by referring to something else which is the same in a particular way. For example, if you want to say that someone is very shy and frightened of things, you might say that they are a mouse.
...the avoidance of 'violent expressions and metaphors' like 'kill two birds with one stone'.
...the writer's use of metaphor.
N-VAR
2.metaphor metaphors
If one thing is a metaphor for another, it is intended or regarded as a symbol of it.
The divided family remains a powerful metaphor for a society that continued to tear itself apart.
N-VAR: oft N for n
3.metaphor
If you mix your metaphors, you use two conflicting metaphors. People do this accidentally, or sometimes deliberately as a joke.
To mix yet more metaphors, you were trying to run before you could walk, and I've clipped your wings.
Despite the mixed metaphor, there is some truth in this judgement.
PHR: V inflects