may与can在表推测时有什么区别-猜测-英语学习资
编辑： admin 2017-27-02
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情态动词must, can, could, may, might
表推测的用法：
情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测.其中must的可能性最大,can / could次之,may / might最小.具体用法如下：1. must的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时,意思是“一定、准是”,语气较肯定,较有把握.He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人.（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句.如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时,应用can`t,如询问某种可能时,应用can.He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址.（一定） He can`t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址.（一定不）Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗?（询问可能性）（3）must表示推测时,可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作.He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车.He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习.He must have finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作.注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况.一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I`m sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中,当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时,疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致. He must be a worker, isn`t he? （现在）他准时个工人,是吗?It must have rained last night, didn`t it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了,是不是?You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语,是吗?2. can / could的用法（1）can表示推测“可能性”时,往往用于否定句或疑问句.Can`t“一定不”,语气很肯定.can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”.He can`t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家.（2）can /can`t后可接进行时/完成时,表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测.They can`t be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书.He can`t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海,我刚才还看见他.It`s so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了,她可能去哪儿了呢?（3）在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can`t时,疑问部分的助动词应与can`t后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.He can`t be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师,是吗?She can`t have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业,是不是?（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实.Don`t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它,可能有毒.The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点.
（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气.Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?Could you help me?（6）couldn`t表示否定推测,表示某事不可能真实,或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生.It couldn`t possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药.注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性.You couldn`t be more wrong. 你真是大错特错.I couldn`t be happier. 我简直是幸福极了.3. may和might的用法（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时,意思是“可能”、“也许”,语气没有 must肯定.He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.他可能是个美国人.注：might不表示过去时态,只是语气上比may更委婉,表示的可能性更小.（2）may, might表推测时,可以用于否定句,意思是“可能不、也许不”,但不用于疑问句.He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家.（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作.He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉.The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影.（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况.I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣,可能要下雨了.She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了.Exercises: Complete the sentences using“must”or“can`t”.1. I have tried to call him at the office, but there is no reply. He be at home.2. They have bought a new car. They have a lot of money.3. She is carrying a Japanese newspaper. She be Chinese.4. He goes abroad a lot, He have an important job.5. She is a professor at the university. She be very clever.6. She is acting in a Shakespeare play tomorrow. She be an actress.一. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences:1. I thought you like something to read. So I have brought you some books.A. ought B. might C. could D. must2. –That man must be Sarah`s husband.--No, he be her husband. She is still single.A. can`t B. mustn`t C. may not D. ought to
3. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn`t very sure.A. must B. may C. can D. will4. –What it be?--It be a mail box, for it is moving. It be a car.A. can; can`t; must B. can; can; mustC. can; mustn`t; must D. must; mustn`t; can5. –Look, someone is coming. Guess .--Jack. He`s always on time.A. who can it be B. who he mayC. who he can be D. who it can be6. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday.--You her. She is still abroad.A. mustn`t see B. can`t have seen C. mustn`t have seen D. couldn`t see7. David, you play with the valuable bottle, you break it.A. won`t; can`t B. mustn`t; mayC. shouldn`t; must D. can`t; shouldn`t8. Susan refuses to marry Jack now. She her mind.A. must change B. should have changedC. must have changed D. would have changed9. Sue come together with us tonight, but she isn`t very sure yet.A. must B. may C. need D. will10. Aunt Margaret the rain, otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss二. Fill in the blanks using must / can / could / may / might and their negative forms.1. –Could I borrow your dictionary?--Yes, of course you .2. She doesn`t answer the bell. She be asleep.3. The ground is wet. It have rained last night.4. He is writing with a pencil. He have lost his pen.5. A computer think for itself, it be told what to do.6. There is much gas here, you smoke here.7. –Was he present at the meeting?--He not have attended it, for he was busy repairing his car all the time.8. Look! An old man is lying in the middle of the street. He be hurt in an accident.9. Nobody saw her at the meeting yesterday, she have spoken at the meeting 10. –My goodness. I just missed the train.--That`s too bad. I am sure you have caught it, if you had hurried.
提示：
may的可能性很小，can的可能性很大
类似问题
类似问题1：may、can、must、should、can’t表推测时的区别[英语科目]
may 1 （有可能但不肯定）也许,可能 2.（转折前所述情况属实）也许,可能
can 表示(允准、请求、要求、建议等）可以
must 通常表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事,含强调语气,侧重主观性.
should 1.(常用于纠正别人)应该,应当
2.（提出或征询建议）该,可以
3.（表示预期）应该会,可能
4.（表示与预期相反）本应,本当
can’t=can not 表示完全否定,“不能”之意
类似问题2：can may must表猜测时的区别[英语科目]
can不肯,may不问,must肯定不否问.
这个顺口溜介绍了can (could),may (might),must 表“推测”时所适用的句式的区别.其含义如下：
can不肯,即：can (could) 一般不用于肯定句；may不问,即：may (might) 一般不用于疑问句；must肯定不否问,即：must一般仅用于肯定句,不用于否定句和疑问句.
类似问题3：May和Can在表可能性时有什么区别?[英语科目]
may只是有可能,不如can肯定.
如：
When you have questions,you can ask your teacher.（100%）
When you have questions,you may ask your teacher.（可能50%）
类似问题4：may can表猜测Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How ___ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?A.can B.should C.may D.must不能用may?[英语科目]
may一般只用在肯定句里的...表示可能的意思.
而且这里要表达的意思反问,表示"怎么可能".所以用can
具体要研究这几个情态动词的话有的好说说了...所以这里暂时先不扩大话题了
类似问题5：can VS may都表示肯定推测时的区别You’d better go and ask Mr Yang.He ____ know how to search the internet.A.can B.may C.would D.could (2003年宁夏回族自治区中考题)Some aspects of a pilot’s job _______be boring,and pilots often [英语科目]
第一题用may的原因是因为你虽然觉得有可能性,但是你却不是很确定或者语气较为委婉,所以这里要用may,在这种时候你可以理解为maybe或者perhaps
第二题不光是看前面的第一空使用can或者may, 还要结合第二空,也就是说飞行员还需要工作在非常不方便的时间里.所以这里要用have to,因为他们的工作没有选择的权利.