急需关于南非历史的英文介绍主要是黑人争取民权的那..
编辑： admin 2017-12-03
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中文
1976年6月,南非发生自1910年建立以来最严重的黑人群众与警察的暴力冲突,造成至少176人死亡,1228人受伤.
纷争首先出现在约翰内斯堡附近的索韦托镇区.在那儿住有100多万黑人.6日,大约2000名中学生在索韦托市政府门前游行,抗议在学校中强制黑人学习南非通用的布尔语(南非荷兰语),他们认为学习这种语言就等于承认白人少数民族政府.
6月16日,一队抗议游行队伍被警察驱散,一名13岁的男孩被枪杀.此事引发了索韦托其它一些地区的暴力事件,其中一名黑人警察和一名白人官员被杀.骚乱随后开始加剧,抗议者和警察间的冲突使索韦托大部分有价值的建筑物遭到破坏.房屋被点燃,车辆被破坏,商店被抢掠,民间警卫人员在街头游荡.南非总理约翰·沃斯特下令“付出一切代价”恢复正常,一条由1000名武装警察组成的警戒线环绕着索韦托布置起来,以便将骚乱社区封锁.
但骚乱者从索韦托流窜到其它地区.在比勒陀利亚和约翰内斯堡附近的亚历山大黑人区,纳塔尔斯普鲁特以及勃克斯堡等黑人区相继爆发暴乱.其他地区的黑人大学也发生了严重动乱,在那儿有许多汽车和建筑物被烧.暴乱者用石块、板条、刀子在黑人住宅区争斗,到6月末流血事件结束时,有1298人被捕.据估计,仅在索韦托一处的财产损失就超过两千万英镑,几乎无一处市政建筑未被破坏.
在成百上千名死伤者中,仅有8个白人.7月,黑人教育部部长M-C-博塔取消了引发事端的有关学习布尔语的法令.但国际社会还是谴责了南非政府的种族隔离政策.联合国安理会通过一项决议称：种族隔离政策是“对人类良心与尊严的罪行”,并且赞同“南非人民斗争的合法性”.
关于南非种族隔离
南非自1911年起,先后颁布了300多种种族主义的法律、法令,残酷迫害有色人种.在政治、经济、文化、教育以至社会生活各方面,非洲人和其他有色种人备受歧视和限制.50年代开始,南非当局通过了“种族隔离政策”并立法,这些政策的实施使南非在世界上长期遭受孤立.随着南非黑人民权运动的不断高涨,1989年德克勒克就任南非总统,提出废除种族隔离政策并于1990年释放了非国大领导人纳尔逊·曼德拉.1991年,议会通过废除种族隔离基本法的法案,在法律上彻底废除了种族隔离.1994年,首次由全体人种参加新宪法规定地议会选举,曼德拉当选总统.这是南非共和国在废除种族隔离之后踏出的第一步.
英文
In June 1976, South Africa, took place since 1910, the most serious since the establishment of black people in violent clashes with the police, killing at least 176 people were killed and 1228 wounded.
Dispute first appeared in the Soweto township near Johannesburg. Where there are more than 100 million black people live. 6, about 2,000 secondary school students in Soweto in front of the municipal government to protest against the forced blacks to study in schools in South Africa a common Afrikaans (Afrikaans), they think learning the language is tantamount to recognition of the white minority government.
June 16, a team of police dispersed a protest parade, a 13-year-old boy was shot dead. This led to the Soweto violence in other regions, including one black and one white police officer was killed. Disturbance then began intensifying the conflict between protesters and police to make Soweto most valuable buildings have been destroyed. Houses were set on fire, vehicles were destroyed, shops looted, private security guards wandering in the streets. South Africa's Prime Minister 约翰沃斯特 ordered the "pay any price," returned to normal, one consisting of 1,000 armed police cordon around Soweto arranged together so that the community blocked the riots.
But the rioters fled from Soweto to other areas. In the vicinity of Pretoria and Johannesburg, Alexander black areas, as well as the Boke Si Nataersi Prut Fort successive outbreaks of violence such as the black area. Black universities in other parts of the serious disturbances took place, where there are many cars and buildings burned. Rioters with rocks, planks, a knife fight in the black residential areas, to 6 at the end the bloodshed ended, 1298 people were arrested. It is estimated that only one in Soweto property losses more than 20 million pounds, almost no one municipal buildings were not damaged.
In the hundreds of casualties, only 8 white. In July, blacks Minister of Education, MC-Botha lifted leading to the dispute about the decree to learn Afrikaans. But the international community is condemning the South African government's apartheid policies. The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution that said: apartheid policy is "to human conscience and dignity of the crime", and endorsed "the South African people's struggle for legitimacy."
With regard to apartheid in South Africa
South Africa since 1911, has issued more than 300 kinds of racist laws, decrees, cruel persecution of people of color. In the political, economic, cultural, education and even social life in all aspects, Africans and other people of color are subject to discrimination and restrictions. 50 years since the South African authorities, through the "apartheid" and legislation, implementation of these policies so that South Africa suffered a long-term isolation in the world. With South Africa's rising black civil rights movement in 1989, de Klerk became South African president, proposed to abolish the policy of apartheid and was released in 1990, the ANC leader Nelson Mandela. In 1991, Parliament passed a bill repealing the Basic Law, of apartheid, in law completely abolished racial segregation. In 1994, the first time by all races participate in the new constitution in parliamentary elections, Nelson Mandela was elected president. This is the Republic of South Africa after the abolition of apartheid, the first step.
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类似问题
类似问题1：南非的历史简介,英文的越简练越好,好的话50分,说到做到[英语科目]
South African history
In Portuguese navigator tiago 1488 led the first fleet cape.
The Dutchman fan in the lead in the fleet baker,establish table bay
The cape of colonies,became the first settled in South Africa's white.
In 1795 British colonial occupation of the cape.
1835-1840 to escape from British rule,Boolean is in the Netherlands
As to the northern European immigrants early seed "transfer".
1838 Boolean surrounded with any Zulu NaDaEr area in the river,"blood
"The zulus defeat
1867 found near the kimberley diamond mine,prompting diamond mining rapidly.
In 1880-1881 English and YingBu first world war.
In 1886 George harrison is found in Johannesburg,large-scale gold
Veins,sparking mass "the gold rush".
1899 to 1902 second YingBu war erupted,the victory.
In 1910,South Africa federal established.The cape colonies,NaDaEr colonies,Germany
The genus streptobacillus and orange ZiYouBang into unity British dominion.
South African national congress in 1912,the natives in 1923 was renamed in South Africa
Continent people's national assembly,referred to as anc.
In 1948,the kuomintang headed on malan white won the election,began to introduce more
For severe policy of apartheid.
1960 emancipation of the pass a law of motion by suppression,
ShaPei massacre occurred Wells.Such organization was banned.Anc
In 1961,South Africa,South African republic from the commonwealth.Anc and functional
The big start armed struggle.
In 1962,nelson mandela was anc leaders in 1964,and GeWen after
Mr Mbeki (South African President thabo mbeki's father who was sentenced to) etc
Life in prison,held in LuoBenDao.
In 1989,South Africa's President,and DeKeLeKe succeeded in February announced to cancel the party
Nelson mandela,release.
In 1991 DeKeLeKe announced the abolition of the residual segregation laws.Democracy."
South African conference "began negotiations.Constitutional system came
1993 South Africa constitutional system came through a historical breakthrough talks,South Africa
When the constitution.
In 1994,the first national elections held in South Africa,nelson mandela,winning the anc
RenNaFei history to the first black President.
In 1996,the first part of the new constitution of racism.DeKeLeKe lead
The kuomintang government of national unity,from the DeKeLeKe in September
Quit politics.
On January 1,1998,South Africa and China's official diplomatic relations.
In 1999,the second national elections held,as Mr Mbeki anc
South African President nelson mandela,the black official retirement.
类似问题2：南非国家的历史文化,背景及国家特色的英文版介绍,[英语科目]
South Africa has an area of 12,221 square kilometers and a population of 37,900,000 people,is located in the capital,Pretoria,the original religion to religion,mainly Christianity,the major language is Afrikaans and English,using the money for the rand,the currency unit:Rand (RAND) to sign "R",said.South Africa location in the Southern Hemisphere,in general,year-round sunny climate,the seasons are advised to Tourism,7,8 in the winter months in the summer months 12,1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate in the Cape region is a Mediterranean-type climate,and coastal Natalchuk Chuansi and northeast China provinces and for the sub-tropical climate.
South Africa is the most economically developed countries,and its rich mineral resources,mineral is one of the world's fourth largest country.Gold,diamond reserves and output ranking first in the world.With the perfume of France,South Africa's diamond in the world famous De Beers diamond sales in the world control of 70%.In Africa,South Africa is a natural and climatic conditions are better country.This morning rainfall,warm and pleasant,sunny seasons,is an ideal living environment.South Africa's tourism to the city as the center,located in the north-east of the capital Pretoria plateau,beautiful,vibrant flowers and trees,especially in the summer,roses in full bloom everywhere,so the city and the "Rose City" said in its suburbs,The last century to establish the National Zoo,where keeping a wide variety of rare animals unique to Africa,and the aquarium,there are more than 300 kinds of fish.Cape Town is South Africa's major coastal tourist city,the city has a large number of relics of the colonial era,in the vicinity of the Cape of Good Hope in the history of the famous ocean development.
类似问题3：南非英文怎么说[英语科目]
南非：全称：南非共和国
英文：The Republic of South Africa
类似问题4：南非简介,英文,简洁点[英语科目]
South Africa is one of the most geographically varied countries of the African continent,comprising territory that ranges from the rolling,fertile plains of the highveld and the wide open savanna of the Eastern Transvaal to the Kalahari desert and the peaks of the Drakensberg Mountains.While all of its diverse regions offer ample opportunities for adventure travel,the focus in South Africa--as in much of sub-Saharan Africa--is the safari.In addition to possessing two of the world's most renowned wildlife reserves,the Kruger and the Kalahari Gemsbok National Parks,the country contains over a dozen smaller regional parks and reserves.In addition,with its excellent road and rail systems,its abundance of top-rated accommodations,and its bountiful farmlands and vineyards,South Africa allows visitors ample opportunity for more luxurious comfort along with adventuresome excitement.
类似问题5：南非用英语怎么说[英语科目]
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa 南非共和国 缩写 RSA