我要莫泊桑的项链的英文点评 不用太长200-300单
编辑： admin 2017-04-03
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SHE was one of those pretty and charming girls, born by a blunder of destiny in a family of employees. She had no dowry, no expectations, no means of being known, understood, loved, married by a man r...
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类似问题
类似问题1：连的英文单词怎么写[英语科目]
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类似问题2：求莫泊桑《项链》英文读后感、不多200-300就行[英语科目]
Necklace "读后感
"The Necklace" the article for "Featured Maupassant short story",it is by the famous French writer Maupassant wrote.The author was born in the coastal region of Normandy region of a decline of a noble family.Since an early age by the wealthy mother of a romantic temperament her mother's influence,so that he could not endure the aristocratic atmosphere of the school,addressed to a public school reading.Maupassant's article are very pessimistic about the color,which with his health status and historical background are closely related.
Described in this article are his wife罗塞瓦德full vanity,her first time at the banquet in order to enjoy the limelight,deliberately borrowed from his girlfriend a diamond necklace.Wearing a necklace when she appeared at the banquet on time,causing the audience to praise and flattery of the people,her vanity has been greatly satisfied.Unfortunately,the way home,this necklace is missing.This compensation for the value of 36,000 francs gold necklace,she has been heavily indebted negative.After a decade of her things to scrimp and save to pay off the debt.The ironic part is when she told the other side of the necklace is missing is false.罗塞瓦德his wife through "打肿脸充胖子" approach to show the self-concept of the driver face,so that she suffered.
"Oh,poor couples罗瓦塞尔!Destiny really make fun of people." That was my first after reading the article.When the aftertaste from the article again,I can not help but think:If they do not for vanity,would be so much cost?Vanity,a terrible but invisible demon,are made in order to honor and caused widespread attention shown by an abnormal social emotions,are an indisputable gain of a bad quality.Vanity candid people will move toward hypocrisy.Vanity strong regular people usually boast a showing off of conduct,through the bragging,occult,etc.to express their own deception.Vanity strong person,there is usually jealous impulse,the ability to see others than themselves,and status than their higher destiny than its own good,the appearance of the United States than their own,they feel uncomfortable and not fun.And even exclusion,ridicule,attack,alienation,self-resilient than embarrass people,intentionally or unintentionally,to make the damage done to these people.Have,vanity strong person,in particular,likes to listen to the words of flattery,compliment,it is most unacceptable and others are publicly contradict or face-to-face advice,the most intolerable of老底are exposing him.As a result,making him probably are some narrow circle of the "villains."
French philosopher Bergson said:"It is hard to say vanity is an evil,but all the evil all around the vanity and Health,is but a means to satisfy the vanity." False Honor is a flash that is broken bubble,we should not pursue that do not belong to their own false things; and want to go down-to-earth干一番事业,through the struggle to create their own honor to belong to.
【中文部分请见谅 = = 】
类似问题3：莫泊桑项链评点
论 玛 蒂 尔 德
——《项链》导读
在一间低矮的小阁楼上,一位容貌衰老的“劳苦人家的粗壮耐劳”的妇女,独自坐在窗前凝神遐思,她回想起十年来经历的风风雨雨,回想起十年前那个给她带来深刻变化的舞会,回想起当年编织的梦的追求……想到此,她感慨万千,不能自已——
一
这位名叫玛蒂尔德的女子本来不应是城市平民的一员,她出生在一个小职员的家里,完全可以象其他中产阶级妇女一样：嫁给一个同等地位的小职员,建立起温馨的小家庭,承担起社会赋予她的应尽的责任和义务——事实上,在玛蒂尔德成为路瓦载夫人后,她的人生之路仍按生活的逻辑自然向前延伸.
她婚后的生活就是如此：差强人意的住宅,“好香的肉汤”,有一个小女仆“替她做琐碎家事”；还有一万八千法郎的遗产……因此,这位不需要任何劳作的少妇风采依然,有足够的时间和精力去保养她那美丽的容貌、“粉嫩的手指”和作种种“狂乱的梦想”.
命运为她安排了这种舒适的生活,但她却对此毫不知足,不屑一顾,统统以“寒伧”、“穷酸”而鄙视之.
她凭什么不守本分、想入非非呢?
“她是一位美丽动人的姑娘.”这可不是每个女子都具备的条件.假若穿上一件漂亮的长衣裙,再戴上一挂精美的钻石项链,出现于上流社会的喜庆宴会,足使那些自视为高贵无比的太太小姐们黯然失色!——夜会上动人的一幕证明玛蒂尔德对此有着充分的自信.
她又是一位受过良好教育的女子.教会女校是贵妇人的摇篮,它赋予玛蒂尔德以高雅的气质和温柔的性情,这位“天生聪明”的玛蒂尔德当初无疑是一位优秀的学生.
更为糟糕的是,她竟然异常熟悉上流贵妇人的生活方式!与那位佛莱思节夫人——一位典型的贵妇人——的交往让玛蒂尔德得以亲眼目睹这些令人心动神摇的场面：宽敞的客厅,东方的帷幕,古式的壁衣,珍奇的古玩,粉红色的鲈鱼和松鸡的翅膀……还可以在幽静的厅堂里,带着迷人的微笑,“跟那些一般女人所仰慕最乐于结识的男子闲谈”.
玛蒂尔德的自身素质与上层贵妇人相比毫不逊色.她具备了跻身于贵族阶层的全部条件--家景的贫寒和地位的低微除外!因此,“她觉得她生来就是为着过高雅和奢侈的生活”,并为此而“不断地感到苦恼”.
于是,悲剧发生了.
假若玛蒂尔德容貌平平,假若她没有受到良好的教育而粗俗不堪,假若她没有交结"有钱的女朋友"而对上流社会的生活方式一无所知,那么,一切都不会发生,玛蒂尔德将会安分守己地充当路瓦载夫人而毫无怨言.
假若玛蒂尔德出生高贵,我们有充分理由相信,她将成为贵夫人中一朵鲜艳无比的花朵,交际场上一颗冉冉升起的耀眼明星.不是吗?那个难忘的星期一的夜晚,发生在教育部礼堂的动人一幕充分展现了她的无比魅力!
二
但这都仅仅是假设.现实是：她丢失了项链!当她正向理想王国迈进,似乎将要叩开大门之时,忽然跌落到社会的最底层--连原先中产阶级的地位都无法保全,而成为一个普通的下层劳动妇女.
要是那时候没有丢掉项链,她现在是怎样一个境况呢?谁知道呢?谁知道呢?
可怜的玛蒂尔德当然无法预测未来的命运,可常识告诉她：丢失项链将是灾难的降临,在未来的岁月中必须为此付出及其沉重的代价!
夜会上,玛蒂尔德的迷人风采降服了所有的男宾,他们“都注视她,打听她的姓名,求人给介绍,部里机要处的人员（白领阶层!）都想跟她跳舞,部长也注意她了”.
多少年来朝思暮想、萦绕于怀的就在于此,还有什么比得到上层男子青睐,统统拜倒在她石榴裙下更令人陶醉的吗?至于贵妇人的羡妒的目光则让其感奋不已!虚荣心得到极度满足的直接后果必然产生更为强烈的欲望,去寻找机会再显身手.无论如何,她已不可能回复到原先那种单调、寂寞和贫寒的“路瓦载夫人式”的生活.夜会的成功意味着潘多拉盒子被打开,从此一发而不可收.
因此,夜会后的玛蒂尔德不可避免地命运面临着两种选择：一是某位上层男子不顾世俗偏见,与她倾心相爱,娶其为妻；一是玛蒂尔德投入某个男人的怀抱,成为他的情妇,手中的玩物.
在十九世纪后期的法国,资本主义制度已得到相当的发展,社会秩序的确立导致等级森严的社会关系,而中世纪以来温情脉脉的道德观念则已被铜锈蚀得面目全非,白马王子和灰姑娘的故事成了彻头彻尾的童话.那些自视高贵的正人君子们极少有勇气或者说犯不着与传统观念决裂,联姻本身是一种巩固社会地位和达到某种目的的手段--如果他尚不能将个人的前途置之度外的话,至于所谓的“爱情”生活则完全可以通过联姻之外的方法得以补偿.既然在婚前她无法"让一个有钱的体面人认识她,了解她,爱她,娶她",婚后的路瓦载夫人——将永不可能成为豪门贵族家庭的女主人.
那么,“假若没有丢失项链”,答案不是显然的么?玛蒂尔德丢失了项链,但人性得以复归,客观上遏止了其在堕落的道路上的迅速下滑.从这个意义上讲,项链的丢失拯救了一个人的灵魂.于是,玛蒂尔德开始了真正有意义的充实的生活——城市平民的生活.
这是一场人生的悲喜剧.
三
另一个极端亦会导致堕落.
在生活中不乏一些女子经受不住贫困和债务的重压而走向堕落,她们可以去偷、去抢、去骗、去卖身——只要玛蒂尔德愿意,她有着得天独厚的条件,“因为在妇女,美丽、丰韵、娇媚,是她们的出身”.
我们来看看这对夫妇陷入什么样的困境：家中可怜的一点积蓄和丈夫继承的一笔遗产赔偿殆尽,外加一万八千法朗的可怕债务,还有不能如期偿还债务而面临破产或坐牢威胁的巨大精神压力--他们瘦弱的肩膀上承受得了这付重担吗?
然而,玛蒂尔德“一下子显出了英雄气慨,毅然决然打定了主意”,迎接十年艰苦生活的严峻考验!
是什么原因导致她没有堕落而勇敢面对现实,接受生活的挑战呢?
在赔项链,还债务过程中所作的种种努力以及贯穿全文的字里行间,我们可以明显感到小职员的谨小慎微和诚实、天真的性格在玛蒂尔德身上是统一的--她毕竟有别于缺乏良好教育的下层平民和充满了虚伪、道德沦丧的资产阶级的.此外,对自己理想的执着追求精神亦证明她是一个性格坚强的人.
可是这并不是玛蒂尔德鼓起勇气承受十年艰苦生活磨难的根本原因.
我们还是来看看玛蒂尔德十年后的形象吧.当初引起她“狂乱的梦想”的所有资本--高雅、美丽和温柔荡然无存,“她胡乱地挽着头发,歪斜地系着裙子,露着一双通红的手,高声大气地说着话……”此刻,出现在人们面前的是一个真正的“穷苦人家的粗壮耐劳的妇女”,既不是中产阶级的小家碧玉,也不是珠光宝气的贵妇人.
但有一点是不会改变的,那就是对上层资产阶级生活的热烈向往,这种至死不渝的努力追求在十年磨难中得到淋漓尽致的表现,即对这个夜会的美好的回忆：
有时候,她丈夫办公去了,她一个人坐在窗前,就回想起当年那个舞会来.那个晚上,她多么美丽,多么让人倾倒啊.
一夜风流,十年艰辛.值,还是不值?玛蒂尔德的回答是肯定的.这个夜会是她一生中唯一的高潮,是她自身价值的第一次也是最后一次的体现,是她暗淡无光的人生经历中留下的光辉亮点.一生中能有那么一次就足够了,对这个夜会的永恒的回忆是这十年来精神的支柱,力量的源泉!
她是一位虚荣心达到极点的女人!
四
小说的结尾是这篇精美作品中最精美的一笔.多少年来,多少人想把它作为另一故事的开端,写出一部“《项链》第二”.其实以我愚见,大可不必劳神.因为小说情节乃至女主人公的命运发展至此已达极限,并无太多的发挥余地.
但毕竟作者给我们留下了玩味的余地.
佛莱恩节夫人告知这挂项链的真正价值,就意味着玛蒂尔德一瞬间成为一个拥有三万六千法朗的“富婆”,她可以藉此舒舒服服地度过后半生,把十年来的巨大损失弥补回来,甚而至于可以在这个金钱万能社会中获得一席之地,成为一位资产阶级妇女.
但是,有一点是永远不会寻找回来的,那就是昔日踌躇满志、跃跃欲试的那份企求,那份梦想.从项链丢失的第一天起,玛蒂尔德就明确地意识到今生已与“高雅而奢华的生活”无缘,而此时的她更是面目全非,人老珠黄,已不可逆转地成为一个城市平民——无论是外貌还是气质.
十年来,所有的艰难困苦都是为那个的成功的夜会所付出的代价,所谓“三万六千法朗”只是这一代价的“物化”而已,正因为一夜的风流是以十年艰辛和三万六千法朗为代价,才显得它的价值弥足珍贵.对夜会的美好回忆使其心理获得平衡,虚荣心得以满足,于是玛蒂尔德勇敢地承受所有的苦难.
要是玛蒂尔德终身不知那挂“精美的钻石项链”的真正的价值,那末她仍将“陶醉在幸福的云雾里”,内心异常充实地度过余生.
可是现在,无可追回的青春,一生孜孜以求的希望全部被一场误会所葬送,“栽”在一挂仅值五百法朗的赝品上,这是一个无论如何也无法接受的铁的事实.玛蒂尔德要接受这一严峻的事实远比接受十年艰辛要痛苦得多.
“我可怜的玛蒂尔德,那挂项链是假的,至多值五百法朗!……”佛莱思节夫人此话无异于在流血的伤口上放把盐,其效果却不逊于《祝福》中四婶的“你放着罢,祥林嫂!”玛蒂尔德很难因意外得到三万六千法朗而惊喜若狂——假若她果真会因此发狂的话,结局只有一个：精神的彻底崩溃.
尽管作者本人对产生玛蒂尔德悲剧命运的社会原因认识不足,而归结为偶而丢失项链之使然,尽管作者对女主人公抱有同情之心.但是,莫泊桑对她虚荣心的揭露是彻底的.从中我们可以充分感受到十九世纪批判现实主义文学强烈的理性批判精神.
十九世纪批判现实主义文学描写了许多中下层青年为改变命运而抗争,最终失败的悲剧性事件--当然并不是都遇上丢失项链之类倒霉事.德莱塞笔下的嘉罗琳·米贝（嘉莉妹妹）就没有丢失项链,于是她成了赫斯渥之流的情妇；而《红与黑》中的于连·索黑尔则已成功地获得一纸骠骑兵中尉的委任状,但最后仍不容于贵族阶级而被推上断头台.我们来听听他在法庭上的慷慨陈词吧：
先生们,我没有这个荣幸属于你们的阶级,在你们眼里,我是一个反抗自己的卑贱命运的农民……有些人要用我来杀一儆百,使这样一种年轻人永远丧失勇气,他们出生一个卑贱的阶级里,可以说是受着贫困的煎熬,但是他们在幸受到良好的教育,并且大胆地混入有钱人高傲地称为上流社会的圈子里.
这就是我的罪行.先生们,它将受到格外严厉的惩罚……
于连只有说对一半,社会对人性的扼杀是外在的因素,而资产阶级思想对他的毒害使其性格的扭曲则是真正的原因.如若不然,社会上不过少了一些正直、善良、勤劳的中下层人民,而多了一批奸诈卑劣的绅士和寡廉鲜耻的贵妇人而已.
一 《项链》的主题
传统的看法是,这篇小说尖锐地讽刺了小资产阶级虚荣心和追求享乐的思想,出乎意料的结尾加深了这种讽刺,又带有一丝酸楚的感叹——其中有对玛蒂尔德的同情.
这种看法的根据是,小说中尽管没有一句谴责玛蒂尔德的虚荣心的话,但在人物描写和情节安排中处处流露出作者的态度.比如,开头写玛蒂尔德如何把大 资产者的奢华生活当理想,后来写她收到请帖后如何费尽心机抠出丈夫的积蓄,这一系列描写表现出这个小资产阶级妇女灵魂的庸俗鄙陋.另外,写玛蒂尔德的一个 晚上的满足带来十年的艰辛,这是对她的虚荣心的惩罚.小说最后写到十年艰辛不过是为了一件赝品,这又是对她的辛辣的讽刺.
玛蒂尔德的虚荣心不是一种个别的现象,而是阶级社会的产物,有一定的典型性.不安于辛苦劳动而得以糊口的生活,看不起比自己更穷苦的人,一心想上 升为大资产者,而且希望走捷径,借侥幸的机会发迹,这是人的劣根性的表现.当然,只有少数小资产者获得了成功,而大多数小资产者在竞争中沦落到更加悲惨的 境地.《项链》嘲讽了阶级社会这种追求虚荣的可鄙风气,而且帮助我们去认识产生这种风气的社会原因.
另外一种看法是,作者无意对人物作明确的价值判断；他所感兴趣的,或者说发生在人物身上的这种戏剧性的变化引起心灵震撼与深思的,是人自身对于这种变化的无能为力.
这种看法的根据是,第一,在玛蒂尔德看来,每个人都可以凭自己的努力去得到自己想得到的东西；何况“人”活着就是为了“享受”,而不是忍受种种贫 困与丑陋,不能因此而指责她有虚荣心和追求享受的思想.在这指责背后隐藏着“安贫乐道”的价值标准,而这种将贫困道德化的价值观是十分可疑的.第二,作者 对一心追求享乐生活并没有批判,对以十年艰辛还清债务也没有赞颂,对二者没有做出明确的倾向性选择,只是说：“人生是多么奇怪,多么变幻无常啊,极细小的 一件事可以败坏你,也可以成全你!”
我们的看法是,《项链》写的是一个小公务员的妻子玛蒂尔德以十年的含辛茹苦去赔偿一条借来的假项链的悲剧故事.作者对女主人公虽有美好的姿色却无 力打扮自己的无奈处境表示遗憾；对她为一条假项链差不多葬送自己及其丈夫一生的不幸遭遇表示同情和惋惜；对她和她丈夫偿还项链的诚实品德和奋斗精神进行了 肯定.小说也对女主人公的虚荣心进行了批评.同时,对贵族阶级的穷奢极欲和不惜弄虚作假的生活方式作了抨击和暴露.
二 《项链》的精巧构思
作者为了突出主题,为主人公设计了一个从逆境到顺境,然后再坠入逆境的曲折经历.起初,玛蒂尔德在婚姻上的失意,似乎使她陷入了逆境.但是,教育 部长举办舞会的请帖,给她打开了希望之门.舞服和首饰的解决,使她更接近成功.舞会上大出风头,眼看踏上了成功之路.不料,丢失了项链,使她再次坠入了厄 运.这样,逆境——顺境——逆境的转换,使人物的境遇越发显得悲惨,主题因此而更加突出.
《项链》中有一系列出人意料的情节.小说写女主人公一直向往上流社会,可是接到部长舞会的请帖后,却“懊恼”“发愁”.她在舞会上大获成功,眼看 要时来运转,却又丢失项链.赔了项链,最后才得知项链是假的.这些情节看似出人意料,却又合乎情理,这与作者作了一系列铺垫是分不开的.小说开端,作者大 段大段介绍玛蒂尔德向往过上流社会生活的心理,这就为下面描写人物懊恼发愁、遭到挫折提供了依据.小说还提到女主人公与她的朋友佛来思节夫人的关系,看来 无足轻重,却是下文情节发展的重要因素.女主人公借项链、失项链、赔项链、还债务、发现项链是赝品,都与此有关.在借、还项链时,佛来思节夫人毫不在意, 这蕴藏着一个暗示,项链不是值钱的东西.小说最后点出项链是假的,读者想到上文的暗示,会恍然大悟.
三 《项链》的心理描写
《项链》的心理描写细腻、深刻.作者极善于用心理分析的方法来展现人物的内心世界.例如用“她一向就想望着得人欢心,被人艳羡,具有诱惑力而被人 追求”,表现她希望摆脱寒酸、黯淡、平庸的生活,置身于上流社会,成为生活优裕、受人奉承的高贵夫人的梦想；通过“她陶醉于自己的美貌胜过一切女宾”,表 现她自觉颇有姿色,具有跳出平庸家庭,爬进上流社会的资本的自信心.这种虚荣心正是资本主义社会把女性当成玩物的要求造成的,它预示了玛蒂尔德悲剧的必然 性.
类似问题4：《项链》莫泊桑 英语简介[英语科目]
作品简介：
"The Necklace" or "The Diamond Necklace" (French:La Parure) is a short story by Guy De Maupassant,first published in 1884 in the French newspaper Le Gaulois.The story has become one of Maupassant's popular works and is well known for its ending.It is also the inspiration for Henry James's short story,"Paste".It has been dramatised as a musical by the Irish composer Conor Mitchell; it was first produced professionally by Thomas Hopkins and Andrew Jenkins for Surefire Theatrical Ltd at the Edinburgh Festival in 2007.
故事简介：
"The Necklace" tells the story of Madame Mathilde Loisel and her husband.Mathilde always imagined herself in a high social position with wonderful jewels.However she has nothing and marries a low paid clerk who tries his best to make her happy.Through lots of begging at work her husband is able to get two invitations to the Ministry of the Public Instruction party.Mathilde then refuses to go,for she has nothing to wear.Her husband is upset to see her displeasure and,using money that he was saving to buy a rifle,gives Mathilde 400 francs and lets his wife buy a dress that suits her.Mathilde goes out and buys a dress,but even with the dress Mathilde is still not happy,since she has no jewels to wear with it.The pair does not have much money left,so her husband suggests that she buy roses to wear with it,but after Mathilde disagrees he suggests borrowing something from her friend,Madame Jeanne Forestier.Mathilde picks out the fanciest diamond necklace that she can find.After attending the Ministry of Public Instruction party,Mathilde discovers that she has lost the necklace.After losing the necklace she has to find a quick way to replace it.She goes to a shop and discovers the price of necklace to be 36,000 Francs.She gets the necklace after borrowing the money,but the long path of her struggle begins.Ten years later,while in a park she suddenly sees Madame Jeanne Forestier and was shocked to find that the original necklace which she lost in the ball was an imitation,worth 500 Francs at the most.
《项链》讲述的是玛蒂尔德女士的故事.玛蒂尔德年轻时总是梦想自己步入社会上流,拥有珠光宝气.而成年后仍旧一无所有,她嫁给了一个只会一味讨她欢喜的低级文员做丈夫.
一天丈夫争取到了供职教育部举办晚会的一封请柬.在机会面前,玛蒂尔德却因没有服饰十分懊恼.丈夫把节俭下买来福枪的钱给她买了华丽的晚装,但她还是想要珠宝首饰.因为没有钱,丈夫让她找她的朋友佛来思节女士借点儿首饰.她有幸借到了最眩目的宝石项链,也的确令她占尽晚会的风头,不料随后项链就丢了.
玛蒂尔德和丈夫倾家荡产的拿出积蓄并借债凑够三万六千法郎买来新项链还给她的朋友佛来思节女士.随后数年里,她和丈夫勤俭节约,辛苦劳作偿清债务.玛蒂尔德在极乐公园偶遇让娜女士,并告诉了她项链丢失后买新项链奉还的事情.让娜女士非常惊异的说原来的项链只是价值五百法郎的赝品.
类似问题5：莫泊桑的项链的英文简介!不要太长,简单介绍一下小说内容就行!很着急.最好还有小说中的人物关系图[英语科目]
This is a one-act play, which is based on Maupassant’s best-known story The Diamond Necklace.
There are three characters in the play:
Mathilde Loisel, a young woman;
Pierre Loisel, Mathilde’s husband, a government worker;
Jeanne, Mathilde's good friend.
中文介绍：
女主人公是一个小公务员的妻子.一次,接受了部长举办的晚会的邀请.罗瓦赛尔太太由于虚荣心作祟,向一个贵妇人借了一条项链.后来这条项链不慎在舞会上丢失,罗瓦赛尔太太为了赔给朋友一模一样的项链,落入高利贷的陷阱,就此开始了艰辛的生活,葬送了十年的青春.最后,当她在还清欠款后,偶遇那位贵妇人时,妇人却告诉她那条项链其实是假的.
英文介绍：The story takes place in Paris. One day, Pierre gets an invitation to a palace ball. He thinks it important to him, and decides to go to the party with his wife Mathilde. But Mathilde is worried, because she has no new dress and no jewellwey to wear. Her husband spends 400 francs on a new dress and she herself borrows a diamond necklace from her good friend Jeanne. The young couple go to the ball and has a very good time here. On their way back after the ball, Mathilde finds that the necklace is no longer around her neck. They rush back to the palace and look for it. But they can’t find it; it is lost.The young couple borrow a great deal of money and buy a necklace that is exactly like Jeanne’s. It costs them 36000 francs. So they have to work day and night to pay back the money they have borrowed. After ten years of hard work, they at last pay back all the money, but now Mathilde looks so old that Jeanne even can’t recognize her when they meet.When Jeanne hears the story, she tells Mathilde that the necklace she has borrowed isn’t a real diamond necklace. It isn’t valuable at all. It is worth 500 francs at the most.
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1
"The Necklace"
by Guy de Maupassant
Guy de Maupassant was the child of an unhappy marriage. His mother has been dessccrriibbeedd as neurotic and his father as a man who sought relief from his wife in the arms of other women. Perhaps the collapse of his parents' marriage engendered de Maupassant's pessimism, reflected particularly in his stories about infidelity and failed relationships. It certainly influenced his own attitude toward women, which, in turn, affected his creation of characters in stories such as "The Necklace."
Events in History at the Time of the short story
The purpose of women. De Maupassant's attitude toward women was ambivalent. He was one of few nineteenth-century authors to recognize and celebrate women's sensuality rather than regard it as a sign of corruption. He was also, however, devastatingly cruel to women, whether in his own life or in his fiction. He recommended that the French Academy commission a treatise on how to "break decently, properly, politely, without noise, scene or violence, with a woman who adores you and with whom you are fed up" (de Maupassant in Steegmuller, p. 178). He scoffed at monogamy, insisting that he could not understand how two women could not be better than one, three better than two, and ten better than three.
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An Introduction
Guy de Maupassant�s short story �The Necklace� weaves a tale about Madame Mathilde Loisel who dreams of the finer things of life and is not content with her secure, middle class lifestyle. The price she pays for a single evening of elegance turns into years of drudgery and despair. This is a story that has stood the test of time and is as relevant today as when Maupassant wrote it in the late nineteenth century.
The Plot Begins
The plot begins with a description of the protagonist, Mathilde, a young lady born into a family with little means, and who marries a gentleman who is employed as a clerk. The setting of this story is late nineteenth century France. Maupassant employs the limited omniscient narrative perspective and utilizes third-person narration in this short story that allows his readers an intimate look into Mathilde�s life. Utilizing this point of view enables his readers to appreciate the changes that take place in her character. The narrator�s tone in this piece is unsympathetic towards the protagonist.
Mathilde's Life
Mathilde is unhappy with her lot in life. She is portrayed as someone who believes she deserves a better life than the one she has; she wants to �please, to be envied, to be charming, to be sought after�. The shame that she feels about her own financial and social status is something that many people can understand. The difference is that most people are unwilling to make the sacrifices made by Mathilde and her husband for one night of pleasure.
Masterfully Portrayed
Maupassant masterfully portrays the depth of emotion of this character throughout this story especially in the scene when her husband comes home with an invitation to the ball. Instead of �being delighted� with the invitation, she throws it on the table �muttering�. Maupassant continues to explain her reaction and how she becomes �irritated� and impatient with her husband.
Supposed Poverty
Mathilde does not believe her own possessions to be valuable and believes that people of her social class assume things are only valuable if they are expensive. She fails to realize that objects only have value as long as someone prizes them. She spends so much time convincing herself that possessions only have value if they are expensive that she loses sight of the real value of things. This turns out to be a serious error on her part.
The Use of Irony
Maupassant masterfully uses irony to produce a surprise ending in this short story. In doing so, he attempts to teach his readers several different moral lessons. Maupassant asserts that the people who survive the misfortunes of life are somehow stronger and therefore actually benefit from their adversities.
In Conclusion
Thank you for taking the time to read my review of Guy de Maupassant's "The Necklace". I hope that my review has been both helpful and enjoyable for you to read.
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The Necklace Summary | Detailed Summary
"The Necklace" by Guy de Maupassant starts with a description of a young woman, Mrs. Matilda Loisel. She is pretty and charming, but unfortunately she was born into a family of clerks. Because of her family's middle class stature, she has no hopes of becoming rich, famous or distinguished. Therefore, she agrees to marry a clerk in the Board of Education.
Matilda's modest life style makes her miserable. She suffers constantly because she feels that she should have been born into luxury. Everything about her surroundings depresses her, including her furniture and faded linens. Most women of her social stature would not even notice the things she sees as great flaws when surveying her apartment. She thinks about luxurious antechambers, with Oriental tapestries, bronze torches and servants who are made sleepy by decadent heating systems. Matilda longs for expensive bric-a-brac and ornate little rooms where ladies receive attention from well-known, wealthy men.
Her husband seems happy with the very things that depress her, including their meager meals. While she looks at the dirty tablecloth on the dining table, her husband exclaims with joy over simple pleasures and meager meals. She, meanwhile, thinks of all of the gourmet dinners in opulent rooms that she is missing.
"She had neither frocks nor jewels, nothing. And she loved only those things. She felt that she was made for them. She had such a desire to please, to be sought after, to be clever, and courted."
Her pain is so great that she cannot visit a rich friend because, upon returning home, she would cry for days over the despair of not having the things she desires.
One night, her husband comes home elated. He has an invitation in his hand for a party at the house of the Minster of Public Instruction. Instead of being happy, she is angry and spiteful, asking what she is supposed to do with it. Her husband says he thought it would make her happy. He went to great lengths to secure the invitation and promises she will see very important people at the event. She tells him she has nothing to wear. When he suggests that she wears the dress she dons when they attend the theater, she weeps. She says that she has no appropriate dress and that he should give the invitation to a colleague whose wife has a better wardrobe.
Matilda's husband asks what it would cost to buy a suitable dress. She decides that it would take about four hundred francs. He is dismayed because that is the exact amount he has saved to buy a gun. He had been hopping to join some hunting parties during the upcoming summer. Nevertheless, he agrees to give her the money.
It is now closer to the day of the ball. Matilda is sad, even though her dress is nearly ready. Her husband asks what is wrong, and she says she does not want to go the ball because she does not have jewelry to wear. He suggests wearing a few flowers, which look chic that season. She refuses, saying, "There is nothing more humiliating than to have a shabby air in the midst of rich women."
Her husband is pleased to come up with a solution to her problem. He suggests she goes to her friend, Mrs. Forestier, to ask her to lend Matilda some jewels. Matilda is thrilled by the suggestion. The next day, she goes to Mrs. Forestier's house and explains the situation. The woman gives her a jewelry case to look through and tells her to pick whatever she likes. At first, she sees some fine jewelry, but nothing seems just right. She asks Mrs. Forestier if she has anything else. Mrs. Forestier tells Matilda to look and see, because she is not sure what Matilda is looking for. Suddenly, Matilda discovers a superb diamond necklace. Her heart beats faster just looking at it. She is blissfully happy. She asks Mrs. Forestier if she can borrow the necklace. When the woman agrees, Matilda is overjoyed and embraces her with passion.
The night of the ball, "Madame" Loisel is a great success. She is the most beautiful, elegant, and joyful woman at the party. All of the men notice her and want to meet her. Even the Minister of Education pays attention to her. For that one night, she is happier than she has ever been.
She goes home at four o'clock in the morning. Her husband has been ready to go since midnight and has been half-asleep in a little salon with three other men whose wives were having a good time. They prepare to leave, but her modest coat embarrasses her. Her husband tells her to wait inside while he finds a cab, but she runs outside because she does not want the women wearing furs to see her everyday coat.
They do not find a cab and must walk in the cold for a while. They finally find a ride to their home. They walk wearily into their apartment. Her night is over, and he must be at the office in just a few hours. In a moment of horror, she realizes the necklace is no longer around her neck. Her husband retraces their steps. At seven o'clock, he returns empty-handed. The next morning, he goes to the police and cab offices and advertises in the newspapers, but the necklace does not turn up. He tells Matilda to write to Mrs. Forestier and tell her that she has broken the clasp on the necklace and must have it repaired. They hope it will buy them some time.
However, at the end of the week, the necklace is still missing. Mr. Loisel says that they must replace the jewelry. They go from jeweler to jeweler, looking for a necklace like the one Matilda lost. Finally, they find one that looks right. Even at a discount, it will cost them thirty-six thousand francs. Loisel only has eighteen thousand francs he inherited from his father. He borrows the rest from multiple sources, risking his whole future without knowing if he can ever repay the enormous debt. Matilda returns the necklace to Mrs. Forestier, who is angry that she did not get it back sooner.
Matilda now learns what it is like to live in real poverty. The couple gets rid of the maid and moves into smaller, attic rooms. Matilda must work endlessly doing even the most menial chores she once paid others to perform. Her husband works evenings doing copying and accounting. This miserable poverty lasts for ten years until they can repay the loans.
Now Mrs. Loisel seems old and weathered. She is no longer beautiful. Her hair, skin and nails are wrecked. However, sometimes when her husband is at work, she sits in the window and remembers that wonderful night when she was pretty and sought after. She thinks how her life would have been different if she had not lost the necklace.
One Sunday, while taking a walk, Matilda sees Mrs. Forestier. The woman is still young and pretty. Matilda says hello, but at first, her friend does not recognize the rough woman in front of her. When Matilda reveals her identity, Mrs. Forestier is astonished. Matilda tells Mrs. Forestier the truth about the necklace. She says it was very difficult, but the debt is repaid and she is now content with her life. She is pleased Mrs. Forestier never noticed the diamonds had been switched.
Mrs. Forestier is shocked and takes her hands. She tells Matilda that the diamond necklace she borrowed was fake and not worth more than five hundred francs.
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A pretty woman of low social status feels unsatisfied with her husband and her life. She gets the opportunity to attend a ball of sorts, and feels that she must look "high class" so she borrows a diamond necklace from her friend. She goes to the ball, and relishes in feeling special. When she gets home, however, she finds that the necklace is missing. She and her husband search desperately for it, but cannot find it. They go to a shop, and see that the same necklace is being sold for a huge amount of money. They purchase it, vowing to pay off the debt. It takes them years, but after working ceaselessly, the pay off all the debt. By that time, the woman has completely lost her beauty. She bumps into the old friend on the street, and confesses to her that she had lost her original necklace, and had just paid off the debt on the one that she had been given to replace it. The friend is in shock, and tells her that the necklace that she had given her was a fake, and cost almost nothing.
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Plot Summary
"The Necklace" begins with a description of Madame Mathilde Loisel. Though she is "pretty and charming," she and her husband, a clerk in the Ministry of Education, are not well off financially. She has always dreamed of a life of leisure, with attentive servants and a large home, but her lifestyle is decidedly more modest. Ashamed of her social standing, she no longer visits Madame Forestier, an old school friend who has become rich.
When the Loisels are invited to a ball, Madame Loisel becomes very upset, insisting that she has nothing appropriate to wear to such an event. Hoping to make his wife feel better, Monsieur Loisel offers to buy her a new dress. As the ball approaches, Madame Loisel again becomes anxious because she has no jewels to wear.
以上都是老外写的
之后再给你介绍几个网站：
http://www.bookrags.com/essay/The_Necklace
看一下这个,上面有多篇student写的关于the necklace的essay,大多是从不同角度分析的.比如说：The Effect of Social Environment on One's Character in Literature
当然上面文章不是每篇都可以免费看全文的（人家版权保护的好啊）,有free字样的可以,premium的就不可以,但是可以看到很大一部分的节选,比如Character Comparisons.我想这对做charaterization多少还是有点帮助的.
另外还有几篇关于写作手法和文章分析的：
http://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/6495.html
这篇主要讲symbolism在文章中的运用
http://www.essaysample.com/essay/002502.html
这篇是讲irony的运用
http://www.echeat.com/essay.php?t=28499
这个是通篇的分析
understanding fiction貌似保护的比较好,要想免费看估计比较困难,不过个人觉得网上的资料已经足够了,要真想看图书馆借或许.