英语介绍克隆羊DOLLY跪谢.-dolly song
编辑： admin 2017-01-03
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Dolly (July 5,1996 – February 14,2003) was the first animal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell,using the process of nuclear transfer.[1][2] She was cloned by Ian Wilmut,Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh,Scotland.Her birth was announced on February 22,1997 and she lived until the age of six.[3]
The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammary gland,and the production of a healthy clone therefore proved that a cell taken from a specific body part could recreate a whole individual.More specifically,the production of Dolly showed that mature differentiated somatic cells in an adult animal's body could under some circumstances revert back to an undifferentiated pluripotent form and then develop into any part of an animal.[4] As Dolly was cloned from part of a mammary gland,she was named after the famously busty country western singer Dolly Parton.[5]
Birth
Dolly was the end result of a long research program funded by the British government at the Roslin Institute in Scotland.This used the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer,where the cell nucleus from an adult cell is transferred into an unfertilized oocyte that has had its nucleus removed.The hybrid cell is then stimulated to divide by an electric shock,and the blastocyst that is eventually produced is implanted in a surrogate mother.In the previous year,the same team had produced cloned sheep from embryonic cells,[6] but this was not seen as a breakthrough since adult cloned animals had been produced from embryonic tissue as long ago as 1958,using cells from the frog Xenopus laevis.[7] Dolly was the first clone produced from a cell taken from an adult animal.However,this cloning process is still highly inefficient,with Dolly the only lamb that survived to adulthood from 277 attempts.She is also recognised as one of the major stepping stone in the development of modern biology.[2]
Life
Dolly lived for her entire life at the Roslin Institute.There she was bred with a Welsh Mountain ram and produced six lambs in total.Her first lamb called Bonny,was born in the spring of 1998.The next year Dolly produced twin lambs,and she gave birth to triplets in the year after that.[8] In the autumn of 2001,at the age of five,Dolly developed arthritis and began to walk stiffly,but this was successfully treated with anti-inflammatory drugs.[9]
Death
On February 14,2003,Dolly was euthanised because of a progressive lung disease.[10] A Finn Dorset such as Dolly has a life expectancy of around 12 to 15 years,but Dolly lived to be only six years of age.An autopsy showed she had a form of lung cancer called Jaagsiekte that is a fairly common disease of sheep and is caused by the retrovirus JSRV.[11] Roslin scientists stated that they did not think there was a connection with Dolly's being a clone,and that other sheep in the same flock had died of the same disease.[10] Such lung diseases are a particular danger for sheep kept indoors,and Dolly had to sleep inside for security reasons.
However,some believe a contributing factor to Dolly's death was that she could have been born with a genetic age of six years,the same age as the sheep from which she was cloned.One basis for this idea was the finding that Dolly's telomeres were short,which typically is a result of the aging process.[12][13] However,the Roslin Institute have stated that intensive health screening did not reveal any abnormalities in Dolly that could have come from advanced aging.[14]
Legacy
After cloning was successfully demonstrated through the production of Dolly,many other large mammals have been cloned,including horses and bulls.[15] Cloning is now considered a promising tool for preserving endangered species and may be important in the future production of transgenic livestock.[16][17] Most animal conservation professionals point out that cloning does not alleviate the problems of loss of genetic diversity (see inbreeding) and habitat,and so must be considered an experimental technology for the time being,and all in all would only rarely be worth the cost,which on a per-individual basis far exceeds conventional techniques such as captive breeding or embryo transfer.The attempt to clone argali sheep did not produce viable embryos.[18] The attempt to clone a banteng bull was more successful,as were the attempts to clone mouflon,both resulting in viable offspring.The banteng example is a case illustrating the circumstances under which the uncertainties of cloning attempts are outweighed by the benefits.The cloned dog Snuppy was unfortunately associated with the Korean stem cell scandal involving Hwang Woo-Suk.
华文版本
提示：
Do you know Dolly,the cloned sheep?She was created in Scotland a few years ago.Cloning is a famous experiment throughout the world .So far,scientists have cloned rabbits,sheep,cows,mice,pigs and some other animals
类似问题
类似问题1：对于克隆羊“多利（Dolly）”的诞生你是怎么看待的?你赞成克隆吗?写下你的意见.[生物科目]
实际上,“多莉”的克隆在核移植技术上沿袭了胚胎细胞核移植的全部过程,但这并不能减低“多莉”的重大意义,因为它是世界上第一例经体细胞核移植出生的动物,是克隆技术领域研究的巨大突破.这一巨大进展意味着：在理论上证明了,同植物细胞一样,分化了的动物细胞核也具有全能性,在分化过程中细胞核中的遗传物质没有不可逆变化；在实践上证明了,利用体细胞进行动物克隆的技术是可行的,将有无数相同的细胞可用来作为供体进行核移植,并且在与卵细胞相融合前可对这些供体细胞进行一系列复杂的遗传操作,从而为大规模复制动物优良品种和生产转基因动物提供了有效方法.
在理论上,利用同样方法,人可以复制“克隆人”,这意味着以往科幻小说中的独裁狂人克隆自己的想法是完全可以实现的.因此,“多莉”的诞生在世界各国科学界、政界乃至宗教界都引起了强烈反响,并引发了一场由克隆人所衍生的道德问题的讨论.各国政府有关人士、民间纷纷作出反应：克隆人类有悖于伦理道德.尽管如此,克隆技术的巨大理论意义和实用价值促使科学家们加快了研究的步伐,从而使动物克隆技术的研究与开发进入一个高潮.
类似问题2：英语单词dolly是什么意思[英语科目]
名词 n.[C]
1.(儿语)洋娃娃
2.【美】(搬运重物用的)手推车
3.【美】(电影等的)移动式摄影车
4.【方】洗矿装置,杵臼
5.铆顶棍,铆头型
6.【英】【方】洗衣搅棒
不及物动词 vi.
1.【美】(拍摄时)移动摄影车[(+in/out)]
及物动词 vt.
1.【美】用移动车移动(摄影机等)
类似问题3：克隆羊多莉（Dolly）的诞生，说明已分化的动物细胞中，细胞核仍具有（ ）A. 全能性B. 单能性C. 减数分裂能力D. 受精能力[生物科目]
克隆羊是将动物的一个细胞的细胞核移入一个去掉细胞核的卵母细胞中，使其重组并发育成一个新的胚胎，这个新的胚胎最终发育为克隆动物个体．所以克隆动物的诞生说明已分化的动物细胞的细胞核仍具有全能性．
故选：A．
类似问题4：Holly Dolly - dolly song唱的是什么
部分甩葱歌：
初音甩葱歌「Ievan Polkka」
http://tv.mofile.com/64J2ZIVW/
井上甩葱歌
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_ch00XMjcwMDMyNzI=.html
幸运星甩葱歌
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzI0NDM4MDQ=.html
超强的Holly Dolly Dolly song 和声版
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjYwODI0Njg=.html
原版葱歌的歌词
芬兰语歌词略,大意如下：
隔壁传来的波尔卡舞曲调
让我也认不住踏起脚来,oh!
Ieva的妈妈小心的盯着他的女儿只是
Ieva还是想办法瞒住了阿,你知道
因为谁也不会去听妈妈唠叨
当大家都在旁边开心跳舞
Ieva在欢笑小提琴也在歌唱
大家都聚到她的身旁祝她好运,
所有女生都是那么漂亮火辣
旁边帅小伙们则跳得就像活跃的雄鹿
因为谁也不介意在这种场合流汗,
当大家都在旁边开心跳舞
Ieva的妈妈把她叫走,
带到自己的房间来哼无聊的赞美诗
这给我们的英雄有机会一展身姿
在邻居家的灯光开始暗淡的时候
因为无论这些老家伙们说什么都无所谓
当大家都在旁边开心跳舞
音乐停止,但真正的乐趣其实才刚刚开始
年轻人欢笑的聚在一起
在舞曲结束的时候送对方回家
在家里我们发现她妈妈正在生气地等待着
但我对她说,Ieva,不用担心
等等我们还要开心的跳舞
我告诫她妈妈不要再这么烦人了
不然我可能会做出什么不负责任的事情
只要你安安稳稳的坐在你的房间里
我在追求你女儿的时候绝不会伤害你
因为你眼前的这个帅小伙还带着些野性的味道
当他在那边开心跳舞的时候
告诉你,你可抓不到我哦
No,你也会发现我一样不容易逮到
从东边跑到西边,不过
Ieva和我看起来完全势均力敌
因为这个帅小伙可不是那种会害羞的人
当他在那边开心跳舞的时候
最后,附上很囧的幸运星甩葱歌.
井上甩葱歌
原版Loituma是来自芬兰的一支演唱团队,有四位成员组成了四个声部来演唱,他们的歌曲都是以比较传统的芬兰音乐为主.参加1997年的考斯蒂宁民谣音乐节而倍受关注.
Loituma是一支芬兰的民间乐队,主唱AnitaLehtola是一位非常具有声音魅力的女歌手,她经常参加各种世界音乐,Anita的演唱具有Runo-song的意味（Runo-song又称“rune-song”或是“poem-song”.“rune”的意思是古代北欧和芬兰的诗歌.这是一种芬兰的民间诗歌,其形式是一种反复的,在开头押韵的诗歌形式）,清冷而又极具韵味,仿佛把我们带到暸一片绿茵之地,辽远而又恰是幻境.
知识介绍：
什么叫甩葱歌?而不是甩青菜,甩萝卜?
在周刊少年Jump连载的「BLEACH（久保带人）」,於2004年10月5日动画化,并开始放映.然后在该动画的第二话中,出现了「满面笑容的井上织姬,手里拿著葱转转转」的场景,这就是转葱、甩葱的原点.
再来,芬兰的「Loituma」的乐团,在1995年演唱了芬兰民谣「IevanPolkka」,这就是转葱（甩葱）歌的音乐部份.
后来,有位很喜欢这两个作品的无名氏,制作出以「IevanPolkka」的其中一小段作为背景音乐, 「满面笑容的井上织姬,手里拿著葱转不停」,长度26秒的flash动画,就成了有名的转葱歌（的元祖）.而井上织姬也因此动画,而得到和原作毫无关系的「LoitumaGirl」的称号.
类似问题5：dolly是什么意思?[语文科目]
洋娃娃